---
title: Structured Input with Pydantic Models
---

This example demonstrates how to use structured Pydantic models as input to agents, enabling type-safe and validated input parameters for complex research tasks.

## Code

```python structured_input.py
from typing import List

from agno.agent import Agent
from agno.models.openai import OpenAIChat
from agno.tools.hackernews import HackerNewsTools
from pydantic import BaseModel, Field


class ResearchTopic(BaseModel):
    """Structured research topic with specific requirements"""

    topic: str
    focus_areas: List[str] = Field(description="Specific areas to focus on")
    target_audience: str = Field(description="Who this research is for")
    sources_required: int = Field(description="Number of sources needed", default=5)


# Define agents
hackernews_agent = Agent(
    name="Hackernews Agent",
    model=OpenAIChat(id="gpt-5-mini"),
    tools=[HackerNewsTools()],
    role="Extract key insights and content from Hackernews posts",
)

hackernews_agent.print_response(
    input=ResearchTopic(
        topic="AI",
        focus_areas=["AI", "Machine Learning"],
        target_audience="Developers",
        sources_required=5,
    )
)
```

## Usage

<Steps>
  <Snippet file="create-venv-step.mdx" />

  <Step title="Install libraries">
    ```bash
    pip install -U agno openai pydantic
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Export your OpenAI API key">

    <CodeGroup>

    ```bash Mac/Linux
      export OPENAI_API_KEY="your_openai_api_key_here"
    ```

    ```bash Windows
      $Env:OPENAI_API_KEY="your_openai_api_key_here"
    ```
    </CodeGroup> 
  </Step>

  <Step title="Create a Python file">
    Create a Python file and add the above code.
    ```bash
    touch structured_input.py
    ```
  </Step>

  <Step title="Run Agent">
    <CodeGroup>
    ```bash Mac
    python structured_input.py
    ```
    
    ```bash Windows
    python structured_input.py
    ```
    </CodeGroup>
  </Step>

  <Step title="Find All Cookbooks">
    Explore all the available cookbooks in the Agno repository. Click the link below to view the code on GitHub:

    <Link href="https://github.com/agno-agi/agno/tree/main/cookbook/agents/input_and_output" target="_blank">
      Agno Cookbooks on GitHub
    </Link>
  </Step>
</Steps>